the primary function of the second paragraph is to

In the other case, diagnosis was made on the basis of histological findings in a cirrhotic patient. The patient was put on ursodeoxycholic acid at a higher dose. We describe here two cases of overlap syndrome between these two autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases to illustrate this rare condition, and through this illustration we will detail the clinical presentation and the therapeutic management. Overlap syndrome between primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis: ACG. The author of the passage identifies a problem-short-term trading done by institutional shareholders-but does so in the first paragraph, not in the second. Ursodiol for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Which of the following statements most accurately summarizes the effect of the sentence in the lines 53-62? A literature review identified ten cases until 2020 [7]. J Clin Transl Hepatol. Paragraph development begins with the formulation of the controlling idea. Paragraphs are medium-sized units of writing, longer than sentences, but shorter than sections, chapters, or entire works. writing_center@unc.edu, 2023 The Writing Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License, also, in the same way, just as so too, likewise, similarly, but, however, in spite of, on the one hand on the other hand, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, in contrast, on the contrary, still, yet, first, second, third, next, then, finally, after, afterward, at last, before, currently, during, earlier, immediately, later, meanwhile, now, recently, simultaneously, subsequently, then, for example, for instance, namely, specifically, to illustrate, above, adjacent, below, beyond, here, in front, in back, nearby, there, accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, thus, additionally, again, also, and, as well, besides, equally important, further, furthermore, in addition, moreover, then, finally, in a word, in brief, briefly, in conclusion, in the end, in the final analysis, on the whole, thus, to conclude, to summarize, in sum, to sum up, in summary. Springer Nature. Whenever you have trouble finding a word, phrase, or sentence to serve as an effective transition, refer to the information in the table for assistance. The importance of describing the two cases of overlap syndrome between these two autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases is to detail the clinical presentation and the therapeutic management. 11 questions. To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. New York: St. Martins. N Engl J Med. You wrote your paper in several discrete chunks and then pasted them together. The primary function of the second paragraph of the passage is to: This question asks you to determine the main purpose served by the second paragraph of the passage in the context of the passage as a whole. Transitions within paragraphs: As with transitions between sections and paragraphs, transitions within paragraphs act . i am just , Posted 3 years ago. Elevated immunoglobulin M (IgM) levels are also seen. The last paragraph serves mainly to Possible Answers: concede an exception to the rule discussed elsewhere in the passage. 2. Donec aliquet. A large number of fish may be trapped in a single pool, and if they are hungry, they may attack anything that enters the water. HD: design, manuscript review. "The Roadmap to Your Paper: Specificity in Your Thesis Statement." In this crazy, mixed-up world of ours, transitions glue our ideas and our essays together. We report two cases showing the manifestations of both primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing . Paragraph B: points that contradict the view that El Paiss new government is very democratic. Staging fibrosis according to the METAVIR score indicated portal fibrosis without cirrhosis (F3) and severe activity (A3). In lines 141-160 of Scene 3, Brutus and Cassius display different reactions to Portia's death. Although the author mentions some consequences of the suggested regulations, the author clearly views these consequences as desirable. In the second paragraph, the author recommends new regulations regarding shareholding by institutions. <> The first visit was a familiarization session, the second visit was a pre-training assessment, the subsequent three visits were for unilateral training of the quadriceps (if assigned to a training group), and the last three visits were the post-training assessments conducted at three days, one week, and two weeks after training ended. Tempting wrong choices for primary purpose questions are: While paired passages will never have the same main point, they can have a shared, Ask yourself: What are both authors attempting to do with their passages? Emphasize the effects of racism by cataloging his experiences, As used in line 55, "gainsay" is best interpreted to mean, The speaker uses the word "impossible" twice at the beginning of the final paragraph in order to, E. Highlight the strong feelings that the subject engenders, He effectiveness of the final paragraph is primarily a result of its, The final sentence of the passage (lines 58-64) moves from, B. Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. Which of the following sentences best represents the author's main point in the passage? The diagnosis of overlap syndrome of primary biliary cholangitis/primary sclerosing cholangitis was finally made on the results of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography that showed multiple strictures of the common as well as intrahepatic bile ducts. Confuse Franklin's public statements with his private beliefs, The final paragraph (lines 30-37) functions as, C. An authorial judgement about a preceding discussion. The primary function of the second paragraph is to A. introduce exceptions to earlier generalizations B. caution the reader that statements in the first paragraph may be misleading C. recapitulate ideas in the first paragraph and provide a transition to the third paragraph D. shift the focus from personal experience to objective analysis We suggest retaining the diagnosis when a patient presents with the association of the diagnostic criteria of both diseases. Web. %PDF-1.5 CAS Chapel Hill, NC 27599 There are many techniques for brainstorming; whichever one you choose, this stage of paragraph development cannot be skipped. endobj The writer then provides a sentence to introduce the reader to this paragraph on reading strategies. Convey the message to the readers that every cloud has a silver lining. C. The canary, like the goldfish, does not sing with much variety, The sentence in lines 54-62 includes all the following except. writing_center@unc.edu, 2023 The Writing Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. For instance, in some styles of writing, particularly journalistic styles, a paragraph can be just one sentence long. While the trope of the man-eating piranhas lends excitement to the adventure stories, it bears little resemblance to the real-life piranha. The reviewer opens the last but one paragraph by mentioning that the author makes two 'timely' points. In this case, the transition words Despite the previous arguments, suggest that the reader should not believe paragraph A and instead should consider the writers reasons for viewing El Paiss democracy as suspect. While the main point questions are aimed towards answering the "what? Assume that you want to argue that El Pais is not as democratic as the conventional view would have us believe. DC: design, manuscript review. The primary function of the second paragraph of the passage is to: A identify problems B warn of consequence C explain effects D recommend actions Solution The correct option is D recommend actions This question asks you to determine the main purpose served by the second paragraph of the passage in the context of the passage as a whole. explain the place of this research within the discussion of the greater scientific method. Autoimmune biliary diseases: primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Direct link to s's post The main purpose of the p, Posted 3 years ago. Autoimmune profile tested by indirect immunofluorescence showed a positivity for anti-nuclear (ANA) (titer: 1:100, speckled) and anti-smooth muscle antibody without specificity to F-actin. When confronted with humans, piranhas instinct is to flee, not attack. First, the writer introduces the idea of reading strategies while concluding this paragraph. AIH/PBC overlap syndrome is the most studied and the most frequent of these disorders. The types of transitions available to you are as diverse as the circumstances in which you need to use them. Lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate with eosinophilic component with minimal piecemeal necrosis. If the fish are well-fed, they wont bite humans. So he agrees to these two points of Professor Ferguson. New York: Longman. Boberg KM, Chapman RW, Hirschfield GM, Lohse AW, Manns MP, Schrumpf E. Overlap syndromes: The International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) position statement on a controversial issue. We highlight here the rarity of this condition and indicate the importance of its recognition. Controlling idea and topic sentence Despite the fact that piranhas are relatively harmless, many people continue to believe the pervasive myth that piranhas are dangerous to humans. The primary function of the second paragraph is to 069 introduce exceptions to earlier generalizations caution the reader that statements in the first paragraph may be misleading recapitulate ideas in the rst paragraph and provide a transition to the third paragraph shift the focus from personal experience to objective analysis expand . The explanation should demonstrate the value of the example as evidence to support the major claim, or focus, in your paragraph. Miller, Logan. Treatment of overlap syndrome of PBC/PSC is based on a higher dose of UDCA (1820mg/kg/day). Direct link to Brent Holmes's post don't know it. J Clin Med Res. Then, it helps the reader anticipate or comprehend the new information that you wish to present. The organization you choose will depend on the controlling idea of the paragraph. A number of South American groups eat piranhas. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for publication of this case report and any accompanying images. stream Clin Liver Dis. J Clin Transl Hepatol. Ultimately, a paragraph is a sentence or group of sentences that support one main idea. Solution Verified by Toppr Correct option is A) The passage argues for public transport and in the second paragraph, the writer states how half the population of some major cities around the world uses public transport and goes on to discuss the limitations of the public transport systems. UNR Writing Center Blog. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. It qualifies and expands the opening sentence, The author's discussion of Bentham's ability to use imagery (lines 1-9) is best described as one of, The author indicates that a writer's ability to work w metaphor and imagery is less important than, The references in lines 20-26 ("it is..history") serve to, C. Distinguish between two types of imagination. The HBs antibodies level was about 235IU/L. Furthermore, no standardized management has been formulated. But there are two situations in which a piranha bite is likely. 2014;2(4):26684. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. The purpose of this sentence in the second paragraph is to show that Gregor is not dreaming. The primary function of the final paragraph of the passage is to: Summarize the arguments made in the earlier paragraphs. When confronted with humans, piranhas first instinct is to flee, not attack. 3). The decision about what to put into your paragraphs begins with the germination of a seed of ideas; this "germination process" is better known as brainstorming. PubMedGoogle Scholar. The patient was treated with a high dose of UDCA (20mg/kg/day). volume17, Articlenumber:169 (2023) What else should you keep in mind as you begin to create paragraphs? We performed magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), which showed multiple strictures of the common bile duct with regular profile of the intrahepatic bile ducts (Fig. So, lets suppose that you have done some brainstorming to develop your thesis. Overlap syndrome between primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis is an extremely rare condition that has been reported in only few published cases so far in the literature. Choice C is the best answer. Bile ducts were attacked in several tracts by lymphocytic cells, and periductal concentric fibrosis, Cholangiopancreatography (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography): multiple strictures of the common bile duct with regular profile of the intrahepatic bile ducts. In this handout, we will refer to this as the controlling idea, because it controls what happens in the rest of the paragraph. This handout will introduce you to some useful transitional expressions and help you employ them effectively. Reread the final paragraph. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. Direct link to Boots 's post How is a primary purpose , Posted 3 years ago. PBC/PSC has also been reported in few cases in the literature. Direct link to Victor Diaz's post The primary purpose quest, Posted 4 years ago. Seo N, Kim SY, Lee SS, Byun JH, Kim JH, Kim HJ, etal. Donec aliquet, View answer & additonal benefits from the subscription, Explore recently answered questions from the same subject, Explore recently asked questions from the same subject. (|JKkg So, in Paragraph A you would enumerate all the reasons that someone might consider El Pais highly democratic, while in Paragraph B you would refute these points. Cookies policy. Overlap syndrome means the association of two or more autoimmune liver diseases in the same person, and can occur simultaneously or sequentially [2]. Transitions cannot substitute for good organization, but they can make your organization clearer and easier to follow. CAS No worries! The idea is that you continue to use this pattern until you have completely developed the main idea of the paragraph. Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;113(3):17084. At this stage, tests showed normal thyroid function. A review of the literature and the two reported cases contribute to better defining this rare variant autoimmune liver disease syndrome, and raise awareness of the importance of correctly recognizing this syndrome for treatment optimization. If the fish are well-fed, they wont bite humans. "Franklin has a particular resonance in twenty-first-century America (lines 1-2), This passage is most probably excerpted dekm, D. A biography of Franklin intended for a general audience, Analysis of Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Chapter 10 Sex, Gender, and Sexuality (Genera, Chapter 1 of The boy in the striped pajamas, Edge Reading, Writing and Language: Level C, David W. Moore, Deborah Short, Michael W. Smith, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Abnormal Psychology- Chapter 3- Models of Abn. However, in PSC, UDCA is responsible only for a biological improvement, without any effect on histological lesions [15]. stream The next movement in paragraph development is an explanation of each example and its relevance to the topic sentence. Paragraphs are the building blocks of papers. Changes and inconsistencies in a narrator's or speaker's perspective may contribute to irony or the complexity of the text. paragraph. Hepatitis B markers were negative for HBs antigen; HBc and HBs antibodies were positive. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Sundaram S, Kiran S, Mazumdar S, Shukla A. statement and The pathogenesis of overlap syndromes has been explained by different hypotheses. Overlap syndrome of primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis:two case reports, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13256-023-03908-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Perhaps both passages are primarily concerned with describing an artists influences, or identifying distinctive features of a literary movement, or examining the impact that a specific scholar had on their field, or critiquing the applications of a specific statute. Paragraph development continues with an elaboration on the controlling idea, perhaps with an explanation, implication, or statement about significance. 4 0 obj MarchioniBeery RM, Vaziri H, Forouhar F. Primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis: a review featuring a womens health perspective. When confronted with humans, piranhas first instinct is to flee, not attack. Relating an incident to decrying its implications, The speaker's tone might best be described as, The primary imagery of the passage is that of, The device used in lines 8-17 ("We can values") to convey Franklin's character is, The rhetorical purpose of lines 14-17 ("and wevalues") is to, E. Prompt the reader to feel kinship with Franklin on the basis of the challenges he faced, The first paragraph characterizes people in the contemporary U.S. primarily as, "They" in line 21 of the passage refers to people who, D. Have reservations about Franklin's values, The misunderstanding discussed in lines 35-37 is that many who study Franklin, B. In the following paragraph, the final two sentences branch off into a different topic; so, the revised paragraph eliminates them and concludes with a sentence that reminds the reader of the paragraphs main idea. Google Scholar. 2015;47(5):4325. Autoimmune profile showed a positivity for anti-nuclear (ANA) (titer: 1:600), antimitochondrial antibody (AMA), and anti-gp210 (+++). Floreani A, Motta R, Cazzagon N, Franceschet I, Roncalli M, Del Ross T, etal. 11. ", what is the author trying to say? "0^=X< W,-DY+sd?+cLyLp"J][r\7luN\{eAnA^*G~xijXQ24'^QgaiRR{#:x7}{KGoe>,ZSS`ju=tps#{]-w @O.O=qB_/Xu'E{d'}WSWtDbIe=IZOyt-p[ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless. Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless. A paragraph develops ONE main idea through a series of related sentences. endobj Multiple-choice. It is important to be aware that the development of PSC overlap may be responsible for the worsening in cholestasis or primary/secondary non response to UDCA treatment in PBC patients previously responsive to UDCA. California Privacy Statement, xk0 ERhnth`cI6/v]'${:N0d|} ..p1G%Q/[T@EBoLCg 2014. However, due to the small sample size of these overlap cases, the prevalence is still undetermined [6]. 2017;40(10):66971. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. They could represent classic diseases with atypical manifestations, transition stages in the evolution of classic diseases, or two diseases in the same individual. a9x>\M {poq^T +;`!0t+g8fE#LX_OlbNh? Google Scholar. the description of a familiar space, like the room, it is used as a tool to prove to the reader and to the protagonist that the change that occurs in Gregor is real and not a dream. 10 0 obj There was no history of alcohol consumption, hepatotoxic medications, previous jaundice, or pruritis. Direct link to ESTEPHANE733's post granting most nearly mea, Posted 3 years ago. The fibro-obliterative lesion is the histological hallmark. The table below should make it easier for you to find these words or phrases. In the cases we reported, the diagnosis of overlap syndrome of PBC/PSC was made in a patient who was already being followed for PBC and who subsequently presented the radiological criteria for PSC in one case. endstream The primary function of the final paragraph of the passage is to: The primary function of the passage as a whole is to. To retain the diagnosis of associated PSC to PBC already diagnosed, we will take into consideration histological and/or radiological criteria. The passage as a whole is best described as which of the following? There were grade II esophageal varices and GOV I gastric varices at the upper endoscopy. endobj 1. On examination, she had pedal edema, icterus, ascites, and spider-like blood vessels on the skin. No episodes of decompensation occurred over 12months of follow-up. A working thesis functions like a seed from which your paper, and your ideas, will grow. We performed MRCP, which showed multiple strictures of the common bile duct and intrahepatic bile ducts (Fig. The author's primary purpose of the passage is to answer choices show how behavior that is widely condemned as vicious is a source of national prosperity express resignation about the resistance of successful liars to attempt to reform them trivialize the friendships of a self-serving political elite Google Scholar. Web log post. Serum test for hepatitis C virus was negative. On follow-up, her ascites had resolved after 4weeks. The second is when the water level in pools where piranhas are living falls too low. And, the bottom slice (the last sentence of the paragraph) tells the reader how the paragraph relates to the broader argument. This study protocol was reviewed and approved by La Rabta Hospital ethics committee, approval number 008/23. The first case is a woman who was initially diagnosed with decompensated cirrhosis. Too strong: Be wary of extreme words like always and never. A. Her biochemical tests showed alkaline phosphatase (ALP) more than three times the upper limit of normal (ULN) (506IU/L, ULN<150IU/L), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) about seven times the ULN (273IU/L, ULN<36IU/L), elevated levels of bilirubin total bilirubin/direct bilirubin (TB/DB: 24.6/20mol/L, ULN<20mol/L), and hypoalbuminemia (28g/dL). Above the underlined modifier in each sentence, write 1,2, or 3 or more to tell how many things are being described or compared. Google Scholar. Many students define paragraphs in terms of length: a paragraph is a group of at least five sentences, a paragraph is half a page long, etc. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> In providing the reader with these important cues, transitions help readers understand the logic of how your ideas fit together. <> Sometimes they are also helpful within the body of a single paragraph. This is finethe topic sentence can actually go at the beginning, middle, or end of a paragraph; whats important is that it is in there somewhere so that readers know what the main idea of the paragraph is and how it relates back to the thesis of your paper. In both academic writing and professional writing, your goal is to convey information clearly and concisely, if not to convert the reader to your way of thinking. HK: design, manuscript review. Then look in the right column of the table for examples of words or phrases that express this logical relationship. Czaja AJ. I guess, the above will work fine. Option B seems to be close but remember that this paragraph is not about financial crisis and the positive developments that may have happened during or after it. Campus Box #5135 In the example below, the author uses the topic of reading strategies to both introduce the topic and conclude the first paragraph. PubMed A transition can be a single word, a phrase, a sentence, or an entire paragraph. Repeated syntactical patterns Which of the following rhetorical devices is used in lines 35-38 ("he had neither. The St. Martins Handbook: Annotated Instructors Edition, 6th ed. Paragraph transition is the movement between paragraphs, specifically how effectively logical order and transitions/transitional devices are used. 2011;54(2):37485. Which of the following best describes the relationship between the first paragraph and the second paragraph? 1997;336(10):6915. Clin Liver Dis. What is the. Manns MP, Czaja AJ, Gorham JD, Krawitt EL, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D, etal. Give the BNAT exam to get a 100% scholarship for BYJUS courses, Centralised Economic Planning and Five-Year Plans. Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. Makes use of the power of personal experience, In context, the phrase "sleepless vigilance" suggests, E. The determines enforcement of a system, The speaker uses lines 30-40 ("i could not largely excluded") primarily to, A. Establishing the status of a situation, The function of the second sentence lines (4-7) is to, In the first paragraph of the passage l, "Randy roosters and operatic hens" (lines 7-8) contrast most directly w, In line 13, "failure" most directly refers to, The primary effect of the discussion in the second and third paragraphs (lines 13-44) is one of, D. Subtle humor because of the contrived nature of the argument, The sentence that begins in line 41 ("For our own) marks a shift from. The primary function of the final paragraph of the passage is to: A Summarize the arguments made in the earlier paragraphs. The main purpose of Nawab's comments in lines 43-52 is to highlight the labor and service he has provided for Harouni over the years. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. Transitions help you to achieve these goals by establishing logical connections between sentences, paragraphs, and sections of your papers. Lorem ipsum dolor, ac, dictum vitae odio. The reviewer opens the last but one paragraph by mentioning that the author makes two 'timely' points. This allows the writer to expand the scope of the discussion on reading strategies by introducing the function of reading strategies, rather than focusing on the writers own reading choices. 7 0 obj Paragraph transitions can also be used to spark interest in the connections made between ideas. Critically evaluate a new idea that is mentioned in the book. D Critically evaluate a new idea that is mentioned in the book. In other words, transitions tell readers what to do with the information you present to them. Historical info that illuminates the speaker's own circumstances, The second paragraph is significant in that the speaker, B. stream One of the larger impacts on our writing as students is how we go about reading the texts were assigned in classes. CarolinaGo for Android CarolinaGo for iOS, The Writing Center It is simple to suggest that actually doing our assigned reading is critical; however, effective, careful reading is a bit more involved than that, and it is this reading that is crucial to our writing process. Arranging paragraphs so that the content of one leads logically to the next, will highlight a relationship that already exists by summarizing the previous paragraph and suggesting something of the content of the paragraph that follows. In this example, you can see how the phrases the first and the second help the reader follow the organization of the ideas in the paragraph. 6. Oliveira EMG, Oliveira PM, Becker V, Dellavance A, Andrade LEC, Lanzoni V, etal. The overlap syndromes of autoimmune hepatitis. Keep in mind that each of these words or phrases may have a slightly different meaning. A 74-year-old Tunisian woman, with no significant medical history, was admitted to our department because of fatigue, abdominal distension, and appearance of jaundice in the last 2weeks. Adam Baydoun - Unit 5 Practice MCQ.pdf, Explore over 16 million step-by-step answers from our library, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. There is often a mild lymphocytic infiltrate that accompanies the fibrosis, although the inflammation is much less prominent than in PBC [13]. Although the author asserts that certain effects would result from the proposed regulations, these effects are not explained. There was no history of drug or alcohol intake. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handouts topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find additional publications. The primary function of the second paragraph is to A introduce Access to over 100 million course-specific study resources, 24/7 help from Expert Tutors on 140+ subjects, Full access to over 1 million Textbook Solutions. PubMed The function of the opening sentence might best be described as, B. The information in each paragraph must be related to that idea. A. Although liver biopsy is no longer required for the diagnosis of PBC, in many cases it is very helpful, especially when an overlap syndrome is evoked. Marchioni Beery RM, Vaziri H, Forouhar F. Primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis: a review featuring a womens health perspective. etude house pregnancy safe,

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